Not everyone who is Deaf communicates through visual ASL. People who are DeafBlind, meaning they have combined hearing and vision loss, use a range of communication methods, and effective access requires understanding them.
A Diverse Community
DeafBlind people have varied backgrounds and abilities. Some were born Deaf and later lost vision, while others have different histories. Because of this, there isn’t a single way DeafBlind people communicate. Preferences depend on the individual, much like the differences we described in our post on ASL, SEE, and PSE.
Common Communication Methods
- Tactile ASL: The DeafBlind person places their hands over the signer’s hands to feel the signs
- Tracking: A person with limited vision follows the signer’s hands visually from a close distance, often in a narrowed field
- Close-vision ASL: Signing is adapted for a smaller, closer visual space
- Print on palm or other tactile methods: Letters or words are traced on the palm for brief exchanges
- Protactile (PT): A language philosophy and set of practices developed by the DeafBlind community that emphasizes touch-based communication and DeafBlind-led interaction
Support Service Providers and Interpreters
DeafBlind individuals may work with interpreters trained in tactile or close-vision methods. Some also use Support Service Providers (SSPs), who help with transportation and environmental information, such as describing who is in the room. An SSP is not the same as an interpreter, and the two roles shouldn’t be confused.
What Businesses Should Do
- Ask the individual how they prefer to communicate, and don’t assume
- Book early. Interpreters trained in DeafBlind interpreting are fewer in number, so advance notice matters
- Plan for more time. Tactile communication is slower, and sessions often need extra time or breaks
- Describe the environment. Interpreters can share who is present and relevant visual information
- Reduce clutter and provide clear paths to support safe movement
Choose Qualified Interpreters
DeafBlind interpreting is a specialization. Our post on certified vs. non-certified interpreters explains why credentials matter, and our tips for working with an interpreter still apply.
Learn More
The Helen Keller National Center and the American Association of the DeafBlind offer resources and community information.
Access Takes Planning
With early planning and respect for individual preferences, businesses can provide meaningful access to DeafBlind customers, patients, and employees.
Need help arranging interpreting in Los Angeles, San Diego, Sacramento, or New York? Contact our team as early as possible.